Titanium Silicalite-1 (TS-1): TS-1 is a type of molecular sieve that incorporates titanium atoms into its framework, which is primarily composed of silicon and oxygen. This material is known for its distinctive MFI topology, providing it with unique catalytic properties.

MFI Structure: The MFI topology refers to the specific pore structure of this zeolite, characterized by straight and sinusoidal channels. These channels allow TS-1 to act as an effective shape-selective catalyst.

Titanium Atom Incorporation: The incorporation of titanium atoms into the silicalite framework enables TS-1 to perform selective oxidation reactions, especially in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), where titanium sites act as active centers.

Hydrothermal Synthesis: This method involves the crystallization of TS-1 under high temperature and pressure conditions using water as the solvent. It's one of the most common methods for producing TS-1.

Selective Oxidation Catalysts: TS-1 is particularly noted for its ability to catalyze selective oxidation reactions, such as the epoxidation of olefins and ammoximation of ketones, with high efficiency and selectivity.

Applications: Due to its unique properties, TS-1 finds applications in various industrial processes, including petrochemical processing, fine chemical synthesis, and environmental protection technologies.